Every electronics engineer eventually learns this lesson the hard way: you plug in power, a faint (or extremely loud) “pop” echoes through the room, and the circuit dies instantly. That’s the story of overvoltage. It is when the voltage applied to your circuit exceeds what your components can safely handle. Whether it’s from a mis-wired power adapter, an inductive kickback, or a power surge from a bench supply, even a momentary spike can destroy sensitive semiconductors. In professional designs, overvoltage protection (OVP) is not optional but a required part of reliability engineering. Adding overvoltage protection to your circuit is
